How index-linked crediting works
Indexed Universal Life is permanent life insurance with a death benefit and a cash-value component. The policy may credit interest using a selected index as a reference, subject to the contract's caps, floors, participation rates, spreads and other rules. An IUL is not a direct investment in an index.
A floor may limit index-based crediting losses, but it does not remove policy charges or lapse risk. Premium funding, policy expenses and the policy's ability to support itself all matter.